Aristotle's Nicomachean Ethics lists several excellences or virtues. The seven deadly sins as we know them had pre-Christian Greek and Roman precedents. 6.3 Pieter Bruegel the Elder's Prints of the Seven Deadly Sins.
1.2 Origin of the currently recognized seven deadly sins.The seven deadly sins, along with the sins against the Holy Ghost and the sins that cry to Heaven for vengeance, are taught especially in Western Christian traditions as things to be deplored. The seven deadly sins are discussed in treatises and depicted in paintings and sculpture decorations on Catholic churches as well as older textbooks. Both of these were to undercut other sins. Church teaching especially focused on pride, which was thought to be the root of all sin since it turns the soul away from God and also on greed or covetousness. Evagrius' pupil John Cassian with his book The Institutes brought the classification to Europe, where it became fundamental to Catholic confessional practices as documented in penitential manuals, sermons such as " The Parson's Tale" from Chaucer's Canterbury Tales and artworks such as Dante's Purgatory where the penitents of Mount Purgatory are grouped and penanced according to their worst sin. This classification originated with the Desert Fathers, especially Evagrius Ponticus. According to the standard list, they are pride, greed, wrath, envy, lust, gluttony and sloth, which are contrary to the seven capital virtues. Behaviours or habits are classified under this category if they directly give rise to other immoralities. Although they are not directly mentioned in the Bible, there are parallels with the seven things God is said to hate in the Book of Proverbs. The seven deadly sins, also known as the capital vices or cardinal sins, is a grouping and classification of vices within Christian teachings.
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